How to install Apache and PHP on Ubuntu 22.04

Install Apache2

To install Apache2, enter the following command at the terminal prompt:

sudo apt install apache2

implement SSL certificate

edit this file

nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf

Replace this:

SSLCertificateFile      /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key

To become like this:

 SSLCertificateFile      /etc/ssl/certs/server.pem
 SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/server.key

Upload your SSL certificate files to the above directories

Configuring the Apache SSL parameters

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/ssl-params.conf

Paste the following basic configuration into the newly created file:

SSLCipherSuite EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH

    SSLProtocol All -SSLv2 -SSLv3 -TLSv1 -TLSv1.1

    SSLHonorCipherOrder On


    Header always set X-Frame-Options DENY

    Header always set X-Content-Type-Options nosniff

    # Requires Apache >= 2.4

    SSLCompression off

    SSLUseStapling on

    SSLStaplingCache "shmcb:logs/stapling-cache(150000)"


    # Requires Apache >= 2.4.11

    SSLSessionTickets Off

To allow HTTP (Port 80) and HTTPS (Port 443) traffic, use the "Apache Full" profile.

Check the profile information as follows:

sudo ufw app info "Apache Full"

The screen profile description will be displayed :

Profile: Apache Full
    
    Title: Web Server (HTTP,HTTPS)
    Description: Apache v2 is the next generation of the omnipresent Apache web
    server.
    
    Ports:
    80,443/tcp

After verifying the profile, enable it:

sudo ufw allow in "Apache Full"

How to configure Apache

At this point changes to the Apache configuration can be made.

Enable the mod_ssl and mod_headers modules:

sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo a2enmod headers

Enable reading of the SSL configuration created earlier:

sudo a2enconf ssl-params

Enable the default SSL Virtual Host:

sudo a2ensite default-ssl

Check that you have not made syntax errors in the Apache configuration files:

sudo apache2ctl configtest

If the message "Syntax OK" appears on the screen, proceed by restarting Apache:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

How to install PHP on Ubuntu 22.04

Once you've reviewed the prerequisites section and set up the requirements for this installation guide, let's dive right in. Follow the below steps to learn how to install PHP on Ubuntu 22.04 system.

#Step 1: Install Dependencies on Ubuntu

To get started, log into your server instance via SSH and update the system as follows.

sudo apt update

Next, install the required dependencies, which are essential in the installation of PHP.

sudo apt install software-properties-common apt-transport-https ca-certificates lsb-release

#Step 2: Install PHP on Ubuntu

There are two main ways of installing PHP on Ubuntu. You can install PHP from Ubuntu repositories using the APT package manager, as shown.

sudo apt install php

To confirm that PHP is installed, run the command:

php --version

Install optional packages

The following packages are optional, and can be installed if you need them for your setup.

PHP-CLI You can run PHP scripts via the Command Line Interface (CLI). To do this, you must first install the php-cli package. You can install it by running the following command:
```
sudo apt install php-cli
```
PHP-CGI You can also execute PHP scripts without installing the Apache PHP module. To accomplish this, you should install the php-cgi package via this command:
```
sudo apt install php-cgi
```
PHP-MySQL To use MySQL with PHP you should install the php-mysql package, like so:
```
sudo apt install php-mysql
```
PHP-PgSQL Similarly, to use PostgreSQL with PHP you should install the php-pgsql package:
```
sudo apt install php-pgsql
```